The College of Health Sciences (CHS) is the largest, by some  distance, among similar institutions in the country and indeed, the region. The college comprises 5 primary teaching (medicine, pharmacy, dental, nursing and public health), 3 predominantly research namely the Institute of Tropical and Infectious Diseases (UNITID), Kenya AIDS Vaccine Initiative (KAVI) and the Centre for HIV Prevention and Research (CHIVPRI). There are two service/training units namely East African Kidney Institute (EAKI) and Africa Coordinating Centre for the Abandonment of FGM/C (ACCAF).

The training programs at CHS range from certificate courses to doctorate degrees with about 4,000 undergraduate  and 1,500 graduate students. To accomplish the teaching tasks the University has deployed 332 teaching staff to the college.