All manuscripts should have a good title that appropriately identifies and represents the subject and purpose of the study or the major findings. A catchy title should be short, descriptive, specific and should enable the readers to understand what the study was all about. In choosing the title, the authors should use common names and avoid abbreviations. The recommended length of the title is about 12 words.
Each manuscript must have a short factual abstract placed at the beginning of the manuscript. The abstract should state clearly the rationale, objectives, methods, results and their meaning or scope of application. The abstract should be complete in itself so as to enable the reader to judge the value of the article and whether or not to read it completely. It should also provide the literature searcher with enough information to assess its value and to index it for later retrieval. The abstract paragraph should not exceed 250 words for full articles and about 130-150 words or less for short articles. The number of words limitation is necessary because abstracts are often republished as printed in secondary abstracting services with similar word limits. Do not cite figures, tables, or references in the abstract.
